Statement before the US Senate Committee on Finance hearing "Current and Proposed Tariff Actions Administered by the Department of Commerce," June 20, 2018. Globalization changes the types of jobs available but has little effect on the overall number of jobs in the ever-changing US labor market. . Technology reduces borders and barriers . RealTime Economics (July 19). The greatest areas of job growth now in the United States are in professional and business services, health care and social assistance, and educational services. historically high levels, but fewer people are needed to achieve this success. Many buildings were damaged. A widely cited study [pdf] shows that between 1991 and 2007, lower-wage manufacturing workers within industries that faced import competition experienced large and lasting earnings losses, while higher-wage workers in these industries did not. Chapter 7 of US-China Economic Relations: From Conflict to Solutions. Pushing aside legal roadblocks, workers have begun construction work on what is being called America's largest lithium mine, a project backed by the Biden administration but opposed by leftist . B) cultural homeland. 2021. Globalization increases global wealth and improves economic development. E) folk cultures eat mostly foods that locally available. Ask them to brainstorm what some pros and cons may be, and write them on the board. How to Fix Economic Inequality? They fear that everyone will end up eating hamburgers and watching Hollywood movies. PIIE Charts. In 1994, the United States, Mexico, and Canada signed theNorth American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which eventually ended all tariffs on trade goods between the three nations. Today, news and information zips instantly around the world on theinternet. Stimulus diffusion is Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. Make sure students back up any statements with factual information from reliable resources. to another. Lets Talk Development (February 2). Recent US Manufacturing Employment: The Exception that Proves the Rule. Written by Melina Kolb Supporters of globalization say that factory workers in poor countries are making much better wages than they would at other jobs available to them. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.Bown, Chad P., and Jennifer A. Hillman. A) the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population. Bradford, Scott C., Paul L. E. Grieco, and Gary Clyde Hufbauer. Many multinational companies with famous brands are now controlled by global enterprises. C) Cultural integration. Below is a list of various protectionist actions and their economic, diplomatic, and national security risks. The problem is compounded because policymakers have done little to help workers and communities adjust at a time when the wealthiest Americans have gained the most in recent years. Some saw it as "threatening traditional institutions such as the family and the school", or threatening the way of life of whole communities. E) All of the above. Public Comment on Trump Administration Report on Significant Trade Deficits. A culture keeps its own cultural ideas from other cultures. In seconds, people are able to respond tonatural disasters that happen thousands of miles away.Many people access information through improved and new technology, such as cell phones. Explain to students that globalization, in its simplest form, means a more connected world. Expanded trade spurs the spread of technology, innovation, and the communication of ideas. Factories in the county of Lancashire, England, created madras cloth. B) Acculturation. D) folk cultures must use local materials when building. Services are business activities conducted between countries, such as tourism, finance, insurance, real estate, science exchanges, professional services, business management, education, health care, arts, entertainment, accommodation, and food services. B. In an ideal world, displaced workers from trade competition could find new jobs, sometimes by moving or gaining new Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Globalization is an elimination of barriers to trade, communication, and cultural exchange. 2017. Global supply chains are production networks that assemble products using parts from around the world (known asintermediate goods). E) Tanzania. Travelers are exposed to new ideas about food, which may change what they buy at the store at home. A) quickly changing attributes. financial crisis and the global financial crisis of 200809, especially in other liabilities like bank loans. More open trade could add another $540 billion to the US economy by 2025, equivalent to $1,600 a year in income per person. This Pew Research poll finds more support than not for free trade agreements. The process. 2018. C) The spread of cell phones from the upper class to the middle and lower classes. 2017. Indian-born anthropologist Arjun Appadurai has studied English-speaking professionals who trace their origins to South Asia but who live and work elsewhere. The example of quinoa in this chapter was used to illustrate an aspect of the globalization paradox. C) the spread of an idea from persons of power to other persons. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Ltd. China bought none of the extra $200 billion of US exports in Trump's trade deal. 2. African-Americans predominately live in Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. E) none of the above. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. B) The spread of drive-through windows from fast food restaurants to liquor stores. B) Anglo America. To prevent further escalation, China committed to a phase one deal to expand purchases from the United States in 2020 and 2021, but it is unlikely China will meet its targets, and the deal does not address many concerns, including Chinas industrial subsidies. If time allows, have groups swap positions after the debate. A) Italians in southern New England. Today, foods in Korea and many parts of China are often spicy. C. Improve women's access to education and literacy. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. PIIE Policy Brief 18-5. which countrys government? 2018. BETTER QUALITY AND VARIETY improve their competitiveness, Leads to higher tariffs on US exports, which would dampen sales and hurt US businesses and workers, Jeopardizes role of the United States as a world leader in international cooperation, making it more difficult to Which of the following describes globalization of. Hufbauer, Gary Clyde, and Zhiyao (Lucy) Lu. Which of the following statements best describes cultural hybridization? Group of answer choices. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which statement about globalization is true? PIIE Working Paper 16-5. C) practices. It gives rich countries access to lower cost resources and labor and poorer countries access to jobs and the investment funds they need for development. Westernization, the adoption of the practices and culture of western Europe by societies and countries in other parts of the world, whether through compulsion or influence. US Marine Corps As a major world trading partner and manufacturing hub, China has become one of the most dominant forces in the global economy. A Cultural transition zone is D) Many younger people who are childless arent concerned with the quality of public Lawrence, Robert Z., and Tyler Moran. An example of a popular culture holiday that has transcended its folk culture roots is Expanding on the concept of Davos culture, sociologist Peter L. Berger observed that the globalization of Euro-American academic agendas and lifestyles has created a worldwide faculty cluban international network of people who share similar values, attitudes, and research goals. If a student blindly guesses the answer to every question, what is the probability that the student will correctly answer all six questions? 2019. Which of the following concepts best describes particular forms of cultural domination, including media, educational, academic, intellectual, scientific, and linguistic, with othering as its core concept? inflation down, Can put the United States at a disadvantage since other countries continue to strike their own deals with each other that A leading explanation for rising US inequality [pdf] is that technology is reducing demand for certain low- and middle-wage workers and increasing demand for high-skilled, higher-paid workers. areas? Senator Orrin Hatch Argues Against Auto Tariffs. Updates? Apartheid, a policy of racial segregation from 1948-1990, was the official policy of Which of the following describes globalization of pop culture? All of the following are examples of a functional or nodal region except A) Traditional music. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). This meeting was protested by thousands of people opposed to globalization. All of the following reflect a popular cultural landscape except globalization is a term that is used to refer to the increased interdependence among nations. The idea of maintaining international law has also grown. The global market still has great potential for the US economy. Have students decide what they think about globalization. National and regionalcostumes have become rarer as globalization has increased. A) the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population. C) dowry. The process of immigrating to the United States can be complicated and is often driven by a few key principles including uniting families, boosting the economy with skilled professionals, promoting diversity, and helping refugees. Millions of people take vacations to foreign countries. Some observers argue that a rudimentary version of world culture is taking shape among certain individuals who share similar values, aspirations, or lifestyles. Pew Research Center (December 14). D) The spread of Wal-Mart from Arkansas to the rest of the United States. PIIE Policy Brief 16-20. Based on their research, tell students to select the arguments that they believe are most valid. Which of the following aspects is associated with empathy? National Aeronautics and Space Administration It entered the World Trade Organization in 2001 and undertook many reforms, cutting tariffs and other trade barriers. Buy American Is Bad for Taxpayers and Worse for Exports. Program. The lower-wage workers may have lacked the skills and mobility to transition to other lines of work, whereas higher-wage workers relocated to companies outside manufacturing. D) bridal tithe. Globalization is driven by international trade and aided by information technology. A Survey of Experts. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. 10. 2016. 2017. (Total US foreign assets in Trade liberalization is the opposite of protectionismwhen countries allow people and businesses to buy and sell across borders with fewer restrictions. This feature was first published on October 29, 2018 and last updated on August 24, 2021. Newsroom| B) housing. Posen, Adam S. 2018. There are advantages and disadvantages to globalization, all of which have economic, social, political, and cultural impacts. The Dispute Settlement Crisis in the World Trade Organization: Causes and Cures. Globalization refers to the technological, political, economic, financial, and cultural exchanges between peoples and nations that have made and continue to make the world a more interconnected and interdependent place. Globalization puts pressure on nations to reduce tariffs, subsidies and other barriers to free trade. Sylvester Systems borrows $110,000 cash on May 15 by signing a 60-day. PBS News Hour (November 21). Hendrix, Cullen S. 2016. What is the term for a group of people who identify with their cultural and While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. D) cultural landscape. A. D) the internet. A) The suburbs are too bland and boring. Dueto globalization and other factors, it isimpossible for large industrialized nations toexit the global economy without devastating effects. For most U.S. workers, real wages have barely budged in decades. Some menu items, such as the Big Mac, are the same all over the world. Freund, Caroline. There are ongoing efforts started in December 2017 by the European Union, United States, and Japan to negotiate new rules that would potentially be embedded within the WTO. Library of Congress D) New England. Countries frequently cooperate to enact trade agreements. Nye Jr., Joseph S. 2017. B) they do not want to harm their environment. Globalization supports new job opportunities but also contributes to job displacement. C) Eastern Ontario-Western Quebec. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. The agent selects a sample of 575757 one-bedroom apartments and collects and stores the data in Silver Spring Rentals. Another group stems from the rise of a transnational workforce. D) Folk cultures have great reverence for their environment. The theory behind globalization is that worldwide openness will promote the inherent wealth of all nations. Thefinancial crisisthat began in the United States in 2006 quickly spread around the world. All Institute research is held to strict standards of replicability and academic integrity. Protectionism is the term for government restrictions on international trade aimed at blocking foreign products and driving companies and consumers to purchase domestically produced goods and services. C) Folk cultures seek to create a uniform landscape. Why, After 200 Years, Cant Economists Sell Free Trade? Hufbauer, Gary Clyde, and Zhiyao (Lucy) Lu. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. B) trans-national corporations. The result is a collection of elite groups whose unifying ideals transcend geographical limitations. Multiple-choice. Peddling Protectionism. 2021. integrated but dropped dramatically during the global financial crisis of 200809. C) Midwest. In reality, it has been very difficult for many of these workers to transition, with lasting effects on Reserves are international assets held by the US US-China Trade War Tariffs: An Up-to-Date Chart. B) the spread of an underlying principle or idea. E) Transculturation. You cannot download interactives. But trade negotiations can only go so far. PIIE Policy Brief 12-9. Moran, Theodore H., and Lindsay Oldenski. is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information. Distribute copies of the worksheet Decision Matrix to each student. Has Globalization Gone Too Far? Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. Which statement concerning the globalization of Western culture is true? Globalization increases global . A) Amish communities in Pennsylvania Bergsten, C. Fred. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. Q. Berger cited the antismoking movement as a case in point: the movement began as a singular North American preoccupation in the 1970s and subsequently spread to other parts of the world, traveling along the contours of academes global network. Nevertheless, a Peterson Institute study finds 156,250 US manufacturing jobs were lost on net each year between 2001 and 2016 from expanded trade in manufactured goods, which represents less than 1 percent of the workers laid off in a typical year.1 Low-wage workers in certain regions are most affected. Bown, Chad P. 2022. Which statement describes the globalization of culture More uniform consumption preferences enhanced communications increased unequal access to resources A hearth is defined as A region from which a phenomenon originates Which example is not an ethnic region of North America? 2017. RealTime Economic Issues Watch (April 11). Globalization moves jobs and capital to places that need these resources. B) The spread of laptop computers from the upper class to the middle class. E) marital gift. Which statement BEST summarizes the point made by that example? E) All of the above. China, India, and Brazil dropped their rates to enter the World Trade Organization (WTO). Which of the following is an example of stimulus diffusion? their jobs to import competition. Originally published October 29, 2018Last updated October 24, 2022. US Census Christina Riska Simmons, adapted from National Geographics Illicit: The Dark Trade activity The Debate Over Globalization. D) landscape progression. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Petri, Peter A., Michael G. Plummer, Shujiro Urata, and Fan Zhai. Globalizationis the connection of different parts of the world. B) subsequent occupance. See how trade helps both sides be more productive. B) Southern Florida. Which of the following areas is not considered a cultural realm? Geneva: World Trade Organization. While these goals are simply stated and obviously will pose challenges to resolve, the stakes are high to rebuild trust in a global system that has helped secure prosperity and peace. Meanwhile, American fast food chains have become common throughout the world.McDonald'shas more than 37,000 restaurants in over 100 countries. E) All of the above. 2016. Prospects for Economic Reform and Medium-Term Growth in the United States. Globalization - a phenomenon that has defined the world's economy in recent decades - is under pressure. A) marriage tax. 2018. E) All of the above. How Not to Mobilize Against China. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. A Survey of Experts, Section 301: US investigates allegations of forced technology transfers to China, Will the Liberal Order Survive? Washington: World Bank. The globalization of Greek culture came with the conquerorAlexander the Great. A. C) The spread of AIDS from Africa to Europe. 12%,$110,000 note. .ng-c-sponsor-logo { Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. WTO'ing a Resolution to the China Subsidy Problem. Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. Having students debate both sides of an issue builds their critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Globalization is important because it help create employment and more production of goods a result . E) a culture realm. US Air Force PIIE Charts (July 26). E) all of the above. Thompson, Robert L. 2007. National Archives and Records Administration 2015. Misconceptions on the Campaign Trail: US Manufacturing. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to people who may not have been able to afford them. Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the worlds economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information. As pointed out by Swedish anthropologist Ulf Hannerz, this group advocates a view of global culture based not on the replication of uniformity but on the organization of diversity. Often promoting this view are nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that lead efforts to preserve cultural traditions in the developing world. Better-paying positions have opened up in manufactured exportsespecially in high-tech areas, such as computers, chemicals, and transportation equipmentand other high-skill work, notably in business services, such as finance and real estate (see Jobs section). 2012. 8. Annual Review of Economics 8: 205240. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. Washington: Peterson Institute of International Economics. E) sub-Saharan Africa. E) all of the above. Globalization has led to both a growing interconnectedness and a rise in xenophobia. Folk culture is transmitted from one location to another primarily through INNOVATION World Trade Organization those who adopt new ideas just before the average member of a social system, those who are reluctant to adopt until most others do so, those who are the last to adopt an innovation, insisting on using ones own cultural rules. Christopher Columbus first brought chilies to Europe in 1493, and from there they spread across Asia. E) uniform landscapes. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Currently, there is government support through a program called Trade Adjustment C) St. Valentine's Day. B) the spread of an underlying principle or idea. And How Has the Global Economy Shaped the United States? Sometimes, migrant workers travel many thousands of miles. Students participate in a debate on the issue of human workers being replaced by robots and automation. With anyone in the world now a text, click, call, or plane flight away, 95 percent of potential customers for goods and services are outside the United States, ready to buy goods and services from other countries if US producers are barred from their markets. Note: Trade expansion refers to the effects caused by additional manufactured imports and exports. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Payosova, Tetyana, Gary Clyde Hufbauer, and Jeffrey J. Schott. The patterns of cultural globalization is a way of spreading theories and ideas from one place to another. Kletzer, Lori G., and Robert E. Litan. A Prescription to Relieve Worker Anxiety. D) Cultural traits are a reflection of a groups values. This was not the case before the 1600s. Special thanks to C. Fred Bergsten, Chad P. Bown, Cullen S. Hendrix, Gonzalo Huertas, Gary Clyde Hufbauer, Douglas A. Irwin, Fredrick Toohey, Jeffrey J. Schott, and Eitan Urkowitz for their contributions. A) Tokyo, New York, and London. E) any market area for a retail business. 2017. B) homogeneous population. a. 4. E) none of the above. A culture learns or adopts a new idea or practice from another culture or cultures. Which of the following statements best describes the dialectics of globalization? Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. It does not significantly change the total number of positions in the economy, as job numbers are primarily driven by business cycles and Federal Reserve and fiscal policies. The globalization trend eventually waned and crashed in the catastrophe of World War I, followed by postwar protectionism, the Great Depression, and World War II. B) The spread of English to the British Colonies. Prepare the entries to record (a) issuance of the note and (b) payment of the note at maturity. or the WTO, mainly because technology has made it easier to produce goods. government. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. Washington. E) cultural progression. Globalization has brought McDonalds to billions of consumers worldwide. A) have fewer legal rights than men. E) culture realm. People often practice their folk customs instead of pop culture because Washington. E) Transculturation. The Payoff to America from Globalization: A Fresh Look with a Focus on Costs to Workers. A) favors females over males Imagine if countries were like chefs, with different specialties. D) Stimulus diffusion. E) Tokyo, Paris, and Los Angeles. Imports are goods or services purchased from outside the country. Cultural globalization is the spread of the culture, customs, or ideas of a place or a people to the rest of the world. Which of the following approaches would be most effective at reducing global inequality? C) rural areas of the South and Midwest. Fairbank Professor of Chinese Society and Professor of Anthropology, Harvard University. Gallup (April 1). US Tire Tariffs: Saving Few Jobs at High Cost. There are abuses within the system and rules need to be updated. Westernization began with traders, colonizers, and . For chart sources, see Figure 3 in Policy Brief. The United States had an overall trade deficit of $447 billion in 2017, according to the US International Trade Commission, as a result of Americans spending more than they earn and financing the difference with foreign credit. cultural globalization, phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world. Global inequality and international trade. called a E) all of the above. D. Implement a program designed to increase economic development in impoverished countries. Have students write a bulleted list of information that supports the views they selected. East Asia Forum (October 3). Ask students to record the information they find on the worksheet. D) forces women to bear children. What is the probability that a bat consumes four mosquitoes in a 30 -second interval? 2021 Peterson Institute for International Economics. Total US liabilities to foreigners were $34 trillion in Culture is spread by C) do not earn the same pay as a man does. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics. 2. Jensen, J. Bradford. B) belief systems. C) sports. Which of the following contexts best describes such concerns? D) the spread of an idea or trait through the physical movement of people from one place Some people worry that Western culture will destroy local cultures around the world. Migrant workers from the Philippines, for instance, may travel to Europe, Australia, or North America to find better-paying jobs.People do not travel just for work, of course. 2011. C) Race and ethnicity are interchangeable concepts. 3. When businesses want to manufacture their products at a cheaper rate, they employ the services from developing countries which is possible in countries such as China and Cambodia, where manufacturing costs and . Some GOP congressional members spoke out against Trump on certain trade issues (see example) or drafted bills to limit his authority on tariffs. D) Thai cuisine. D) are symbolic in nature. The best example of cultural integration (where all elements of society are interwoven, The idea that cultures will modify the natural landscape to fit their needs is known as. First, the previous waves of globalization have been quite successful in lifting a large number of people out of poverty and so we should appreciate that. The Memoirs of Cordell Hull, Volume 1. But a 2016 Bloomberg poll asked, Do you think US trade policy should have more restrictions on imported foreign goods to protect American jobs, or have fewer restrictions to enable American consumers to have the most choices and the lowest prices?" C) an area where one cultural boundary abruptly ends and another begins. Cambridge Journal of Economics Volume 28, Issue 2 (March): 22952. Pew Research Center (August 7). D) Los Angeles, Berlin, and Tokyo. Have students use the provided websites to conduct their own research and to learn more about the issues in the debate over globalization. Manual work is increasingly being automated, lowering demand for workers. Following centuries of European colonization and trade activity, that first wave of globalization was propelled by steamships, railroads, the telegraph, and other breakthroughs, and also by increasing economic cooperation among countries. Internationaltradeis vital to the economies of most countries around the world. In previous pieces, we looked at some winners and losers of economic globalization, the environmental aspect of globalization, cultural globalization and digital globalization. Divide the class into two groups: students who focused on pros and students who focused on cons. 2016 were $26 trillion, equal to 140 percent of US GDP. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. Which cultural phenomenon below is not an example of syncretism? Anthropologist Arjun Appadurai described and studied five dimensions of global cultural flow. E) Native Americans. This is the process by which a less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of a C) war and occupation. Have the two groups debate the issue. Lu, Zhiyao (Lucy), and Gary Clyde Hufbauer. Bown, Chad P. 2021. B) the circulation of a daily newspaper. B) favors males over females Alice Manning, National Geographic Society 2017. The fiery chili pepper is native to the Western Hemisphere. Globalization promotes interconnection among diverse national economies. A) the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population. PIIE Briefing 18-1. The idea was to create a better world with countries seeking to cooperate with one another to promote prosperity and peace. A) the fear of outsiders. A) Montreal, QC. E) all of the above. Students investigate conflicts over the use of wind energy in Nantucket Sound, take on the role of a stakeholder in the debate, and hold a town council meeting to decide whether or not a wind energy project should be implemented.

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