In the portal of the Last Judgement, (right) Christ sits on his throne sorting the virtuous from the wicked. The chevet, or east end, probably also had a tower, and was flanked by two chapels. The church marked a historic moment in architecture, 11. Several of the original Romanesque structures were torn down to make way for this revolutionary new architectural style. [21] From 1341 until 1372 (or according to other sources: 13391371), the post of chief architect was held by a Master Gerlach (not to be confused with Erwin's other son, Gerlach von Steinbach, architect of the Niederhaslach Church),[22] who has been identified as Erwin's grandson Johannes Gerlach von Steinbach. [18], The new church was exceptionally large, just ten meters shorter than the present cathedral, and just ten meters narrower on its west front. The extension concerns the Neustadt, new town, designed and built under the German administration (1871-1918). From 1647 until 1874 it was the world's tallest building and today it is still the highest structure still standing that was built in the middle ages. The Cathedrale Strasbourg is a Roman Catholic Church renovated and essentially rebuilt (from the original church of 1015) at the end of the 12th century in a Gothic architectural style. Because of this amazing trick, the spire was saved! It is the tallest building in the city and has been a World Heritage Site since 1988. You will surely enjoy exploring the vibrant . The cathedral is known for its ornate architecture and is one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. The central vessel was higher than the two collaterals. The Gothic style also appeared in the statuary, particularly the Pillar of the Angels, and in the tympanums over the double portals on the south transept, which showed the influence of the sculpture in French Gothic cathedrals. (15th c.), The chapel as it appeared in the 14th century (19th-century engraving), Tomb of Bishop Conrad de Lichtenberg (131020), The Chapel of Saint John the Baptist is located just to the left of the apse, at the northeast end of the cathedral. The 142 m high spire looks incredibly lightweight and made the Cathedral the highest edifice in all Christianity until the 19th century. The primary decorative element is the rose window, added between 1320 and 1340, and substantially restored since. He reconstructed the dome over the transept in a grander, Romanesque Revival style. The Cathedral stands on the exact site of a roman temple built on a little hill above the muddy ground. Recht, Roland; Foessel, Georges; Klein, Jean-Pierre: Learn how and when to remove this template message, Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market, List of tallest structures built before the 20th century, St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Wissembourg, "Architecture et sculpture gothiques: cathdrale de Strasbourg (1)", "Prodige du gigantesque et du dlicat (translation)", "Chronologie des fouilles archologiques", "17. 1. 5 out of 5 stars (7,356) $ 17.50. [80], The north transept connects with the Chapel of Saint John, entered through a pointed Gothic arch containing a rounded Romanesque arch. Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. The crossing of the transept and the choir is topped by the central cupola or dome, which is supported by four gigantic pillars, each wrapped in eight columns, which reach up to support the vaults under the cupola. While the spire is the most prominent feature, the western faade is the most impressive element of the cathedrals design. [75], The dog of the preacher Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg, on the steps, mourning his master, The pulpit, attached to the fourth pillar of the north side of the nave, was sculpted in 1485 following a design by Hans Hammer. Described by Victor Hugo as a "gigantic and delicate marvel",[7] and by Goethe as a "sublimely towering, wide-spreading tree of God",[2] the cathedral is visible far across the plains of Alsace and can be seen from as far off as the Vosges Mountains or the Black Forest on the other side of the Rhine. The Strasbourg Cathedral in France is known for its unique spire, because of it the cathedral was the highest monument in the world for more than two centuries! The first version of the church was starting to be built during 1015 by proposal of Bishop Werner von Habsburg, but fire destroyed most of . The first version of the church was starting to be built during 1015 by proposal of Bishop Werner von Habsburg, but fire destroyed most of the original Romanesque building. [82], Multiple faces of the clock -stars and hours, One face of the clock -signs of the zodiac, The astronomical clock, located in the south transept, is one of the most famous features of the cathedral. [18], The next major step was the reconstruction of the nave into the Gothic style, which took place between 1240 and 1274. On a clear day, it can be seen all the way from the Vosges Mountains, a mountain range over 30 kilometers to the southeast of the city, and the Black Forest, a famous forest an equal distance to the east! Drawing A, circa 1260. Kids Encyclopedia Facts. Find Strasbourg Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. The faade is supported and divided vertically by four narrow buttresses, each decorated with sculpture. When the word was spread that Adolf Hitler wanted to turn the church into a national sanctuary of the German people during World War II, all the stained-glass windows were put into 74 boxes and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn in Germany. Above this is a flamboyant Gothic balustrade with an original sundial from about 1493, and above that are two small rose windows from the same period. Archaeological excavations below and around the cathedral have been conducted in 18961897,[11] 1907,[12] 19231924,[13] 19471948,[14] between 1966 and 1972,[15] and finally between 2012 and 2014. They wear diadems and have flowers in their hair, and carry twigs of the tree of life, or fruit. The belltower is 142 m high. 10. Built entirely in the Middle Ages, Strasbourg Cathedral was the tallest building in the world for more than 200 years. [20] Erwin von Steinbach's son Johannes von Steinbach served as magister operis, or Werkmeister (chief architect) from (at least) 1332 until his death in 1341. Above this is a globe, with painted figures of the Church and the Antichrist confronting each other. The design called for a west front taller and wider than the nave behind it. The observation deck is located at a height of 66 meters (217 feet) and offers some of the most amazing views of the wonderful city of Strasbourg and its surroundings! He in 1284 and developed a western facade, with a thousand sculptures and an elegant rosette window. They are traditionally hung in the arcades of the nave during Advent. Other moving figures include a trumpet player carrying a banner and a pretzel vendor being offered flour, water, and salt by the caryatides on the console. The Steinbachs's plans for the completion of the cathedral were not followed through by the chief architects who took over after them, and instead of the originally envisioned two spires, a single, octagonal tower with an elongated, octagonal crowning was built on the northern side of the west facade by master Ulrich von Ensingen and his successor, Johannes Hltz. [41][42], During World War II, the cathedral was seen as a symbol for both warring parties. It is the second most visited cathedral in France, just after Notre Dame de Paris! The very beautiful stained glass windows date from the fourteenth century and is mostly a work by John Kircheim. Figures of two reclining women hold a cadran (clock face) between them which tells the minutes. The visual effect of the faade is enhanced by its unusual darkish red stone. During the French Revolution nine bells were taken out and melted down to make cannon, but the "Totonglock" and a second bell, the "Zehrnerglock" (1.58 meters, 2.225 tons), made in Mathieu Edel in 1786, were preserved to ring the hours and serve as alarm bells for the city. 9. Completed in 1439, it looms majestically over the Place de la Cathdrale, a major city square. The central figures depict the entry of Christ into Jerusalem, and the Crucifixion and Passion of Christ, all with exceptional expression and detail. A first Romanesque cathedral was built in the 11th century which later burnt to the ground. The other vaults in the crossing were also intended to be painted, but funding was insufficient. They feature a Tree of Jesse (The Genealogy of Christ) and the judgement of Solomon (right window) and the Virgin Mary with John the Baptist and John the Evangelist) as well as King Solomon, the Queen of Sheba and King David on the left. Portal of Saint Lawrence (North transept). Today it is the sixth-tallest church in the world and the highest still standing extant structure built entirely in the Middle Ages. The chair of Bishop Broughton, first Anglican Bishop of Sydney, Australia. .The lower part of the massive base of the clock has statues of Apollo and the Goddess Diana presenting a circular calendar of the liturgical year, whose revolving face with a globe points to the dates of major religious festivals and events. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. It lies on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite the German city of Kehl . 1439-1939", "Straburger Mnster, Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg", "Straburger Mnster Mnster Unserer Lieben Frau", Notre Dame Cathedral (original plans and contemporary photographs), Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of Strasbourg, Diocese of GrenobleVienne-les-Allobroges, Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Sainte-Croix-de-Paris, Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris, Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Vladimir the Great of Paris, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strasbourg_Cathedral&oldid=1140780300, 15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France, Roman Catholic churches completed in 1439, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles needing cleanup from October 2021, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from October 2021, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from October 2021, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, First Emperor Window: HENRICUS REX (presumably, Fourth Emperor Window: KAROLUS D[ic]C[tu]S MARTEL PATER BIPPINI (, Fifth Emperor Window: LOTHARIUS ROMANORUM IMPERATOR (. One angel sounds the bell while a second turns over an hourglass. The upper windows of the nave depict eighty-four saints, added by various artists between 1250 and 1275. It is still in place.[86]. It was the tallest building in the world for a period of 227 years, 6. At Strasbourg it is 61.5 metres (202ft) long and 16 metres (52ft) wide, not counting the two collateral aisles, which are each 10.41 metres (34.2ft) wide. On the south side of the nave, the upper walls have windows depicting female saints, including local saints from Alsace or Strasbourg. [44] On 1 March 1941, General Leclerc made the "Oath of Kufra" (serment de Koufra), stating he would "rest the weapons only when our beautiful colours fly again on Strasbourg's cathedral". After trying several temporary measures, in 1915, during the First World War, he launched a large-scale project to replace the entire foundation of the cathedral with concrete. The Strasbourg Cathedral was built over a period of 424 years The original construction of the church in its current location started in the year 1015. It is composed of an octagonal pillar surrounded by four engaged columns, which reach upwards to support the vaults, and four slender colonettes. The known dimensions of the building are as follows:[87]. [8], The nave is dominated by the two rows of massive pillars. Strasbourg Cathedral While Goethe's poems on nature, romance, science and his great novel Faust have long been available to the English-speaking audience, his writings on art and literature, as in Essays, are less familiar. It became a major trading center for wine, grain, and later for textiles and luxury products. Some of the windows were assembled with glass from different periods: in the windows devoted to the Emperors Frederick II and Henry II of Bamberg, the heads were made between 1250 and 1275, but in 1522 were remounted onto the bodies of other kings from earlier windows made in about 1180. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in October of the year 1988 because it was first mentioned as the Ancient Roman settlement of Argentoratum in the year 12 B.C. The chapel contains the tomb of Bishop Conrad de Lichtenberg, made between 1310 and 1320, and now framed by flamboyant tripe arch. Each pillar bundles sixteen smaller columns, of which five reach upward to support the vaults overhead. "We will rebuild Notre-Dame together because that is what our history deserves." The goal is to have the repairs completed in time for the 2024 Summer Olympics. It is the third clock on that spot and dates from th. Strasbourg (UK: / s t r z b r /, US: / s t r s b r , s t r z-,-b r /, French: (); German: Straburg [tasbk] (); Bas Rhin Alsatian: Strossburi [dsbui] (), Haut Rhin Alsatian: Strossburig [dsbui] ()) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the . The cathedral in Strasbourg is widely known as one of the most beautiful gothic cathedrals in whole Europe. Its also the capital of the Bas-Rhin department. The Chapel of John the Baptist preserves its thick Romanesque walls and two Romanesque windows. [46] and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn, Germany. Every day at solar noon, Christ and the Apostles go on a procession and the rooster is integrated into the clock crows thrice. It was constructed beginning in about 1330, following the rebuilding of the transept. The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. Above this are two levels of animated mechanical figures, above that a figure of Christ and the four Evangelists, under a dome formed by crossed arches. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. Many of his writings have not ever been translated. Strasbourg Cathedralor the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg(French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburgor Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a cathedral. The altar was recreated in 1809 by the architect Pierre-Valentin Boudhors, who discovered the old central medallion of the original altar and combined it with white and black marble panels. Other objects and works from the cathedral, including the mechanism of the original astronomical clock, are found in the Muse des arts dcoratifs de Strasbourg. Dreamstime is the world`s largest stock photography community. [57] Following their destruction during the French Revolution, several of the sculptures have been replaced in the 19th century by works by Philippe Grass,[58] Jean-tienne Malade,[59] and Jean Vallastre. The tracery and decoration of the interior are very much like of that exterior, with blind galleries and delicate parallel vertical lines, like the strings of a harp. The length of the cathedral is about 100 metres, with the main aisle of 38 metres. But it hasn't always been. This is crowned by the cross, which is surrounded by four smaller crosses and images of the host and chalice, elements of the liturgy of the Eucharist. It takes its reddish-brown color from the sandstone of the Vosges mountains. On the south side, the upper windows depict soldiers, popes, bishops, and other masculine figures. [71], The narthex of the cathedral and massive pillars supporting the tower, seen from the central nave, Inside of west front doors, with blind rose window and column-statue of St. Peter. The original construction of the church on its current location started in the year 1015. [75], The windows of the triforium, between the upper and lower window, contain 19th-century reconstitutions of early windows depicting the ancestors of Christ, but little of the original glass remains. This Carolingian church is believed to have had an apse flanked by two chapels and a nave covered with a wooden beamed roof, but no trace remains today. Strasbourg is the second most popular tourist city in France, after Paris; and there are three main attractions. [70], The chevet, at the northeast end of the cathedral, close to the transept, has vestiges that go back to the Romanesque cathedral, particularly at the lower levels. [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. The elevation has the traditional High Gothic or Rayonnant Gothic three levels; large arcades below, with windows on the collateral aisles; a narrow triforium, or gallery, also with windows, for passing along the walls; and above that, of equal height with the arcades the upper windows which reach up into the vaults. Only the names remain carved on the walls. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Cathedral Strasbourg France Church Vintage Antique Photo 1910's 1920's 1930's at the best online prices at eBay! The clock shows much more than the official time; it also indicates solar time, the day of the week (each represented by a god of mythology), the month, the year, the sign of the zodiac, the phase of the moon and the position of several planets. By plane 15 minutes from Strasbourg Airport. The design is composed of a series of unfolded arches which rest on a submerged "Latin Cross" floor plan. Today, about 275,000 people live there (with around 780,000 in the metropolitan area ). [35] Fragments can be seen in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame. The original Romanesque cathedral burned down in the year 1176 and the construction of the modern-day cathedral started shortly after this disaster. Johann Knauth, le sauveur de la cathdrale", "Les rcentes fouilles de Strasbourg (19471948), leurs rsultats pour la chronologie d'Argentorate", "Dcouverte majeure sous la cathdrale: un bassin antique serait la premire piscine baptismale de Strasbourg", "Des lgionnaires romains aux btisseurs de la cathdrale: la fouille de la place du Chteau Strasbourg", "1340 1371: Construction de la chapelle Sainte-Catherine et de la tour nord", "LA CATHDRALE DE STRASBOURG CATHDRALE FRANAISE? In 1877, architect Gustave Klotz reconstituted the windows in their original arrangement. The upper windows at Strasbourg fill the entire space between the triforium and the vaults. [56], The mid-level of the transept over the portal, built in about 1230, has lancet windows and a statue of Virgin, flanked by Saint Peter and Saint Lawrence. Emperior Charles V visits the cathedral in 1552. The church is located in the Alsace Region in eastern France, 2. The Strasbourg Cathedral is impossible to miss as it towers above the surrounding buildings and is located in the center of the city. Built of red Vosges sandstone, it is a harmonious edifice despite the variety of its architectural styles. Although considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture, it is widely considered[2][3][4][5] to be among the finest examples of Rayonnant Gothic architecture.

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